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|Section2= |Section3= }} α-Parinaric acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid. Discovered by Tsujimoto and Koyanagi in 1933,〔Tsujimoto M, Koyanagi H. (1933). New unsaturated acid in the kernel oil of "akarittom", "Parinarium laurinum". I. ''Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi'' 36 (Suppl): 110–113.〕 it contains 18 carbon atoms and 4 conjugated double bonds. The repeating single bond-double bond structure of α-parinaric acid distinguishes it structurally and chemically from the usual "methylene-interrupted" arrangement of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have double-bonds and single bonds separated by a methylene unit (−CH2−). Because of the fluorescent properties conferred by the alternating double bonds, α-parinaric acid is commonly used as a molecular probe in the study of biomembranes. ==Natural sources== α-Parinaric acid occurs naturally in the seeds of the makita tree (''Parinari laurina''), a tree found in Fiji and other Pacific islands. Makita seeds contain about 46% α-parinaric acid, 34% α-eleostearic acid as major components, with lesser amounts of saturated fatty acids, oleic acid and linoleic acid.〔Hilditch TP et al. (1964). ''The Chemical Constitution of Natural Fats, Fourth Edition.'' pg. 253.〕 α-Parinaric acid is also found in the seed oil of ''Impatiens balsamina'', a member of the family ''Balsaminaceae''. The major fatty acids of ''Impatiens balsamina'' are 4.7% palmitic acid, 5.8% stearic acid, 2.8% arachidic acid, 18.3% oleic acid, 9.2% linoleic acid, 30.1% linolenic acid and 29.1% α-parinaric acid. It is also present in the fungus ''Clavulina cristata'',〔Endo S, Zhiping G, Takagi T. (1991). Lipid components of seven species of Basidiomycotina and three species of Ascomycotina. ''Journal of the Japan Oil Chemists' Society'' 40(7): 574–577.〕 and the plant ''Sebastiana brasiliensis'' (family Euphorbiaceae).〔Spitzer V, Tomberg W, Zucolotto M. (1996). Identification of alpha-parinaric acid in the seed oil of ''Sebastiana brasiliensis'' Sprengel (Euphorbiaceae). ''Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society'' 73(5): 569–573.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alpha-Parinaric acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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